Prada and Racism - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1018 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/02/01 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Racism Essay Did you like this example? THE STORY Prada has recently launched a series of figures in the shape of creatures called Pradamalia that were to be sold as handbag keychains in a window display in New York City. One of the trinkets, a cartoonish wooden monkey with brown skin and exaggerated red lips which is closely resembled the blackface â€Å"Sambo-like imagery†. One day, one New Yorker spotted the figures in a Prada window display and she decided to share the disgusting and accusing Prada of spreading racist blackface imagery in social media. On Friday, December 14, 2018, Prada announced to pull the accessories and displays from its stores following complaints that they featured â€Å"blackface imagery.† Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Prada and Racism" essay for you Create order Response from audience Chinyere Ezie posted a status in disgust: â€Å"I don’t make a lot of public posts, but right now I’m shaking with anger. Today after returning to NYC after a very emotional visit to the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture including an exhibit on blackface, I walked past Prada’s Soho storefront only to be confronted with the very same racist and denigrating blackface imagery. I entered the store with a coworker, only to be assaulted with more and more bewildering examples of their Sambo-like imagery.† Looking back: Places the imagery side by side with historically racist images Prada’s designer background Miuccia Prada is head designer of Prada and the founder of its subsidiary Miu Miu. She studied mime at the Teatro Piccolo, following a political science Ph.D. at the University of Milan. In addition, she was a member of the Italian Communist party, where she picketed in Yves Saint Laurent. Her fabulous quotation was that she thought beauty was ‘bourgeois,’ which seems like a good Communist quote. â€Å"Every young kid who was vaguely clever was Leftist,† she shrugs today. â€Å"So it’s not that I was so special.† She was the focus on the all-white, homogeneous runways of the 1990s, but in recent years she has been changed for casting models of color in her advertising products. In September 2018, her art foundation opened â€Å"The Black Image Corporation,† conceived by artist Theaster Gates. In order to celebrate the opening of the Milan exhibition, directors Spike Lee and Dee Rees did a panel discussion with Gates on racism in America. In October 2018, the company introduced the collection called Pradamalia that are similar to cartoon robots. Taken as a group, the characters are a silly mix. Some resemble primates, and some look like dogs, others resemble sci-fi octopuses. The company has been illustrating pictures of these figurines on Instagram for several weeks, and they have been featured in the flagship store in Milan. Cultural and Semiotic Analysis Sambo is a character in the 1899 children’s book The Story of Little Black Sambo, written and illustrated by Scottish author Helen Bannerman. The image has deep black skin and oversized red lips that distort and exaggerate African facial features. The image of Little Black Sambo coincided with Jim Crow laws and etiquette. Many whites stereotyped Blacks to be denied basic human and civil rights, discriminated against in the labor market, barred from many public schools and libraries, subjected to physical violence, and generally treated as second-class citizens. When Little Black Sambo came to America, a white-initiated riot happened in New Orleans. Then, blacks were beaten, their schools and homes destroyed. In fact, the core ideology of the Sambo caricature is the happy slave. White slave owners molded African-American males into a child who was happy to serve his master. However, the image of Sambo was lazy, lack of intelligence, and, because of this, they were always dependent upon his masters or caretakers. Although Sambo did not the defense for slavery, it extended far beyond these boundaries. This stereotype was transmitted through lyrics, folk sayings, literature and children’s stories. It was disseminated over and over again, shaping the attitudes toward African-Americans for centuries. In fact, â€Å"a stereotype may be so consistently transmitted in each generation from parent to child that it seems almost a biological fact† (Boskin, 1986, p. 12). Misrepresentation in the media and its impact now. Now, we can see Sambo caricature could give the images of color boys and men being accompanied by lazy and abusing the social welfare programs. Once color people are allowed to participate in these programs, white supremacist politicians make these stereotypes to create ways to exclude them through different suitability tests and working requirements which would make them more freedom to discriminate. Now, Prada’s figurines also do the same offensive discrimination ways again. What should we respond to them? Just now read the following response of Prada in their Twitter. Prada’s Response â€Å"Prada Group abhors racist imagery. The Pradamalia are fantasy charms composed of elements of the Prada oeuvre. They are imaginary creatures not intended to have any reference to the real world and certainly not blackface,† the company said. Prada Group never had the intention of offending anyone and we abhor all forms of racism and racist imagery. In this interest, we will withdraw the characters in question from display and circulation. Let us think more deeper Marketing Analysis? Here is a question, is Prada company intentionally creating content (figurines) that will cause viral online? I have doubt about that Prada releasing these racially insensitive figurines are simply unaware. Over the past ten years of Twitters existence, something is crystal clear. Black Twitter has emerged as a force to drive attention to the issues ignored by mainstream media. By means of hashtag campaigns (now is #StopBlackface, #BoycottPrada), now I have a question, is Prada company intentionally hoping to draw the movements like Black Twitter to bring more attention to their brands? The cycle is obviously repetitive: A brand displays offensive material, the online community responds with outrage, and then the media covers it. Finally, the brand pulls down the offensive material, issues an apology and everyone goes back to normal. Racism may become a marketing tool for brands. What should we do now? We should refuse to engage in any games, refuse to give any chance to treat black history as a fashion statement.

Male View of Hysteria Presented in The Yellow Wallpaper

Male View of Hysteria Presented in The Yellow Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilmans short story The Yellow Wallpaper has been viewed as either a work of supernatural horror or as a feminist treatise regarding the role of women in society. A close analysis of Gilmans use of symbols reveals The Yellow Wallpaper as her response to the male view of hysteria from ancient times through the nineteenth century. In The Yellow Wallpaper Gilman questions the validity of Hippocratess theory of the wandering uterus and Weir Mitchells rest cure. As she wrote in her essay Why I Wrote the Yellow Wallpaper?, [the story] was not intended to drive people crazy, but to save people from being driven crazy†¦ (107). By her own†¦show more content†¦Hippocrates explained that the various symptoms of hysteria, such as nervousness, depression, and hysterical fits, were caused by the uteruss interactions with the other organs in the body. In his text On the Nature of Women he explains the cause and treatment of a hysterical fit: If the uterus comes towards the liver, the female suddenly becomes speechless, and clenches her teeth, and her color comes back†¦In such situations, push beneath the liver with the hand and tighten a bandage beneath the hypochondria, and by opening the mouth administer a most fragrant wine, and anoint the nostrils and apply malodorous fumigations. And fragrant fumigations below the uterus. (Palis 227) Not only was the uterus capable of wandering around the body, it was believed that the womb was attracted and repelled by certain odors. Gilman seems to address the ridiculousness of such logic when she refers to the inconsistencies in the design of the wallpaper in The Yellow Wallpaper. The narrator complains, On a pattern like this, by daylight, there is a lack of sequence, a defiance of law, that is a constant irritant to a normal mind (263). This same complaint could be used against the popular view of hysteria. The theory that the womans uterus dislodged itself in the body and wandered around aimlessly violates natural law. In this respect, the ancient view of hysteria is similar to the wallpaperShow MoreRelatedFeminist Perspective on Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper1274 Words   |  6 PagesThe Yellow Wallpaper, Written by Charlotte Perkins Gilman, is comprised as an assortment of journal entries written in first person, by a woman who has been confined to a room by her physician husband who he believes suffers a temporary nervous depression, when she is actually suffering from postpartum depressi on. He prescribes her a â€Å"rest cure†. The woman remains anonymous throughout the story. She becomes obsessed with the yellow wallpaper that surrounds her in the room, and engages in some outrageousRead More Symbolism and Repression in The Yellow Wallpaper2041 Words   |  9 PagesSymbolism and Repression in The Yellow Wallpaper      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is as a wonderful example of the gothic horror genre. It was not until the rediscovery of the story in the early 1970’s that â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† was recognized as a feminist indictment of a male dominated society. The story contains many typical gothic trappings, but beneath the conventional faà §ade hides a tale of repression and freedom told in intricate symbolism as seen through

Research Paper on Americans with Disabilities Act (Ada

Background Before starting this class and especially the research paper, I knew very little about the ADA. During the period of research and writing the paper I hope to obtain a better grasp on the ADA in general. But I also hope to learn some things that my current place of employment can improve our standards when it comes to those with disabilities. The ADA was signed into law on July 26, 1990 by then President George H. W. Bush. It prohibits discrimination based on disability and only disability. It is fairly similar to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Research My first step to research was to search various search engines to find scholarly journals or other types of secondary sources that were credible and available†¦show more content†¦According to Gary Dessler, â€Å"employers with 15 or more workers are prohibited from discriminating against qualified individuals with disabilities with regard to applications, hiring, discharge, compensation, advancement, training, or other terms, conditions, or privileges of employment. It also says that employers must make ‘reasonable accommodations’ for physical or mental limitations unless doing so imposes an ‘undue hardship’ on the business.† It not only prohibits discrimination in employment but also outlaws most physical barriers in public accommodations, transportation, telecommunications, and government services. Although the ADA does not specifically list any disabilities, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission’s (EEOC) guidelines state that when an individual has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activity then the individual is in fact disabled. It goes on to state that impairments can include any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one or more of several body systems, or any mental or psychological disorder (Dessler). Among the protected classes are persons with AIDS and substance abusers who are in treatment. Some 50 million current or potential workers are estimated to be covered by the laws provisions (Columbia Encyclopedia). However, the act does list someShow MoreRelatedThe Rate Of Discrimination At Work Place With People With Disabilities Essay1361 Words   |  6 PagesThe main purpose to write the Research Paper is to review or examined the rate of disability Discrimi nation including the case studies or societal reaction to the disability discrimination. This Research review the rate of discrimination at work place with people having disabilities. The paper mainly focus on the examination on the rate of Employment disability discrimination. Although It been 20 years Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) 1990 was passed which protect the civil right of disableRead MoreThe Rate Of Discrimination At Work Place With People With Disabilities Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: The main purpose to write the Research Paper is to review or examined the rate of disability Discrimination including the case studies or societal reaction to the disability discrimination. This Research review the rate of discrimination at work place with people having disabilities. The paper mainly focus on the examination on the rate of Employment disability discrimination. Although It been 20 years Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA) 1990 was passed which protect the civil rightRead MoreDisability Discrimination And Americans With Disability Act ( Ada )1983 Words   |  8 Pages 1. Introduction In the field of legal research and practices, it is against the law to discriminate any person against his/her disability in various areas of their lives. Today, discrimination against disability has become a complete law by which a person can sue the other party for being discriminated on any impairment. In the United States, the law is covered by Americans with Disability Act (ADA). The law prevents one party (specifically employers) to discriminate other party (particularly employees)Read MoreMgmt 533 Final Paper1522 Words   |  7 Pagesthe aircraft. Due to the kidney failure, she died before she could have arrived home, to get the proper treatment. Now her husband holds these airlines responsible for her death and wants to file the law suit against them. The context in this research paper provided the laws associated to this case and justify whether the airlines are at fault for her death. Obese Woman Denied Boarding Vilma Soltesz flew with her husband, Janos Soltesz, from New York City to Budapest on anRead MoreThe American Association Of Intellectual And Developmental Disabilities Essay1386 Words   |  6 Pagesadult daily living activities, such as hygiene and self-care. People with disabilities may be restricted from participating in events in society because of their functional disabilities. Environmental and personal factors also play a role in affecting people’s lives (CDC, 2014). 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Von Bergen says â€Å"For centuries people have noted the animals can have a positive influence on human functioning, and conventional wisdom has long supported the use of animals in promoting human wellbeing.† (18). Research shows that 6.15 million Americans over the age of 15 struggle with mental illness. Nearly 13.6 million people live with severe mental illness; this includes schizophrenia, major depression, anxiety, or bipolar disease (â€Å"Emotional Support Animals, Service Animal,Read MorePurpose Of The Disability Voting Rights1503 Words   |  7 PagesPurpose of the Disability Voting Rights Paper This paper argues the disabled communities do not enjoy full voting rights to participate in the political system. There are several political factors that explain why the concerns of the disabled communities have largely been ignored or not adequately addressed. 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Acute Manic Episode On Depressed Adult Female Cementing...

Acute Manic Episode in Depressed Adult Female Cementing Diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder I in the Presence of an Arachnoid Cyst Preceptor: Dr. Olga Abduakhadov, MD Bayonne Medical Center Psychiatric Rotation 1/5/15 – 1/30/15 Marie Pereira KCOM OMS III January 20, 2015 ABSTRACT Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by episodes of mania, hypomania, or major depression [1]. It affects approximately 5.7 million adult Americans, or about 2.6% of the U.S. population over 18 yearly. The median age of onset for bipolar disorder is 25 years old though individuals can be diagnosed in early childhood or as late as fifty. The incidence of Bipolar disorder is equal between men and women though women undergo cycles of balanced mood, mania, hypomania, and depression three times as frequently as men [2]. This disorder is suspected to have a genetic component as more than 66% of individuals diagnosed have at least one close relative with the illness or with unipolar major depression [3]. There are two subtypes of Bipolar disorder. Patients diagnosed with Bipolar I experience manic episodes and nearly always experience major depressive and hypomanic episodes. Individuals with Bipolar II disorder have at least one hypomanic episode and one major depressiv e episode in the absence of manic episodes [1]. Bipolar disorder, like any psychiatric disorder, is a diagnosis of exclusion. For a patient to be diagnosed they must first be medically cleared with blood work and any

Airplanes Who Invented Them Free Essays

Wilbur and Orville Wright were both born in Dayton, Ohio. They both grew up with a passion for science, but both never attended college. In 1889, they started a newspaper together and then in 1892 they opened a bicycle shop. We will write a custom essay sample on Airplanes: Who Invented Them? or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then, after a long period of studying aeronautics, they finally flew their newly invented airplane for fifty-nine seconds, soaring at around 852 feet. There their legacy became put in stone as the creators of flight. Their airplane was made out of wood, covered in fabric, and its right-wing was four inches longer than the left. This invention has changed society as a whole today because air transportation is extremely popular and efficient. We now use airplanes for travel, shipping, and war. In fact, according to the efficient. We now use airplanes for travel, shipping, and war. In fact, according to the Federal Aviation Administration, there are 5,000 aircraft in the sky at any given time. Commercial airplanes have become an extremely common form of transportation with around 26,530 passenger flights in the United States daily. Air shipping has also become increasingly popular with around 10.9 million freight tons shipped last year. The United States air force has over 5,000 military aircraft and around 318,000 active duty. Airplanes have changed society, all thanks to the Wright Brothers. Textile Troubles The working conditions of textile factories are horrible, employees from the industrial revolution reported. Working conditions had changed from before versus after the revolution. The new weaving and spinning inventions had made weaving much more efficient and quicker, causing the production of clothes to incline at a jaw-dropping pace. This made textile factories a common workplace because now clothes were not as expensive and could be sold for cheaper. So when families poured into the cities looking for jobs, many women found work in these factories. However, the work was tedious and the pay was extremely low. This was common during this era, in fact, many people worked around fifteen hours every day only to bring in deficient wages. However, women and children received half the amount of wages as men did for the same work. Not only was the pay horrible, but the work was strenuous. The doors would remain locked until it was time for the break and doing anything except your job (such as talking) was not allowed in most companies. Most factories were also agonizingly hot due to improper ventilation systems and because of the cramped working conditions. Also, the spinning and weaving machines in textile factories were often extremely dangerous. Many workers were injured because the machines were unsafe. If a worker was injured from a machine at their work, the worker would just be fired, stop receiving their wages and no medical bills would be paid through the factory. Workers also experienced a significant lack of rights and were treated unjustly. Many of the textile factory owners loved the capitalist government style because they were making a large profit from their factories. And to make a larger profit, many factory owners paid their workers much less than what they were earning. At the time, there were no minimum wage laws so owners could do whatever they wanted such as hiring children. Thus, child labor was introduced because children could be paid less than adults. Thankfully, we now have laws that regulate factories to make them more fair and safe. Editorial The Industrial Revolution, like everything, had both positive and negative effects. While I believe that it was mostly positive, there were still many negative effects. For example, the working conditions during this time were terrible. The employers set wages ridiculously low and the workers were forced to work extremely long days. Machines in the factories were very unsafe, especially for children who were working in the factories for even less pay than their parents. The living conditions at this time were as bad as the working conditions. Many people lived in tenement houses which were extremely cramped and very dirty. Even though tenement houses were very small, they had to hold between five to nine people so it was always very crowded. The houses did not have indoor plumbing or running water which caused them to be dirty. In spite of all this, I still believe that the Industrial Revolution was good. The Industrial Revolution brought about lots of new technology like the steam engine, the cotton-spinning wheel, and much more. These new inventions made everyday life easier and most tasks more efficient. The Industrial Revolution also caused the Agriculture Revolution which helped Great Britain grow as a country. New farming tools, techniques, and fertilizers were created which increased the number of crops produced. Since the Agriculture Revolution allowed more food to be produced more quickly, the population grew rapidly. Many farming jobs were also available, which helped grow the economy. The Industrial Revolution made people’s lives better as well as longer. Better medicine was created which allowed people to live for a longer time. The life expectancy for men went up by 14 years and 15 years for women. The number of babies that died at birth went down from 65 percent to 15 percent. The reasons above are most likely the reasons why the population in Great Britain went up from 7 million to 37 million between 1750 and 1900. As you can see, the Industrial Revolution had lots of good and lots of bad. Many people think the good was not worth the bad, but I disagree. I believe the new technology and elevated way of life that resulted from the Revolution was worth it all. Works Cited â€Å"Air Traffic By The Numbers.† Air Traffic by the Numbers, Federal Aviation Administration, 14 Nov. 2017, www.faa.gov/air_traffic/by_the_numbers/. Eagleton, Catherine, and Artemis Manolopoulou. â€Å"Paper Money of England and Wales.† British Museum – Paper Money of England and Wales, Trustees of the British Museum, 2017, www.britishmuseum.org/research/publications/online_research_catalogues/paper_money/paper_money_of_england__wales.aspx. History.com Editors. â€Å"Wright Brothers.† History, A;E Television Networks, 6 Nov. 2009, www.history.com/topics/inventions/wright-brothers-1. Hochfelder, David. â€Å"Alexander Graham Bell.† Alexander Graham Bell | Biography, Inventions ; Facts, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 3 Aug. 2018, www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-Graham-Bell. â€Å"Industrial Revolution Working Conditions.† Industrial Revolution Working Conditions, History on the Net, 13 Apr. 2018, www.historyonthenet.com/industrial-revolution-working-conditions/. â€Å"International Aviation Developments Series.† US International Air Passenger and Freight Statistics September 2017, U.S. Department of Transportation, Mar. 2018, www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/docs/mission/office-policy/aviation-policy/306551/us-international-air-passenger-and-freight-statistics-september-2017.pdf. Poddar, Ankur. â€Å"Working and Living Conditions.† The Industrial Revolution, 2017, firstindustrialrevolution.weebly.com/working-and-living-conditions.html. â€Å"The Industrial Revolution in Europe.† The Industrial Revolution in Europe – ERIH, European Route of Industrial Heritage, www.erih.net/how-it-started/the-industrial-revolution-in-europe/. â€Å"The Wright Brothers | Construction and Fabric.† National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian, 2018, airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/fly/1903/construction.cfm. â€Å"The Wright Brothers.† Biography.com, A;E Networks Television, 5 May 2015, www.biography.com/people/groups/the-wright-brothers. â€Å"Working Conditions in the Industrial Revolution.† History Crunch – History Resource for 21st Century Teachers and Learners!, History Crunch, 2018, www.historycrunch.com/working-conditions-in-the-industrial-revolution.html#/. How to cite Airplanes: Who Invented Them?, Papers

Swot Analysis and Enterprise Resource Planning - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theSwot Analysis and Enterprise Resource Planning for ICT. Answer: Swot Analysis Of Ict Department- REALEState.com.au STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES Well dedicated and committed team of expertise who handle the operations in a rightful manner A well-established financial resource provided by the organization to cater for the departmental emergencies and maintenance Effective use of latest equipment to enable the adaptation of latest technology required for the effective management of the organizational. Conduce location of the organization that favors network coverage, reliable and dependable power supply to avoid blackouts Poor coordination with other departments of the organization for effective information flow (poor information flow among departments) Congestion of the ICT department leading to poor ventilation (can cause equipment breakdown) High costs of maintenance as a result of very expensive equipment and expertise Inadequate manpower/ experts to ensure effective management of all the operation executed Poor encryption/ weak encryption that makes company confidential information vulnerable to the third parties as a result of hacking Opportunities Threats Advanced training for ICT staffs and basic training on ICT for other staff members of the organization Partnering with other advanced ICT organizations to realize best results Increasing demand for ICT development and digital control access Ability of developing and inventing new applications and software to ease more task management in all aspects of the organization High prevalence of virus attack which may cause system breakdown and data loss High risk of data insecurity due to internet hackers and cyber scamming. Third party attacks on the company websites as a result of ads and annoying pop-ups that may end up spoiling the company website reputation High competitive and dynamic innovation in technology by other competitor firms that may drive off available customers (E-business) Summary of the SWOT analysis Strengths; as indicated/ mention in the table, the company has an internal advantage of a well dedicated team who work in the ICT department to ensure there is effective and efficient operation of all the equipment. Given the fact that the company is well established, it also provides a specific financial reserve for the department to monitor and maintain its operations accordingly. As a result of a reliable financial base, the department is able to make use of the latest technological equipment and in turn, improves the output in terms of quality and efficiently. The company is also located in an urban area where reliable supply of power and strong network coverage (Nicolaou, 2004, p.92). Weaknesses; the organization does not have an effective linage of communication for the various departments. This affects the ICT department when it comes to relevant data needed for processing. The room provided for the ICT department is not large enough for free ventilation. The department is highly vulnerable to external attacks. Basing on the fact the machines and equipment being used are very expensive, the maintain ace costs are also high (Umble et al., 2003) Opportunities. The department takes advantage of the growing demand of ICT in the accomplishment of business and transaction tasks. The company can also partner with other advanced ICT organization to train its staffs and improve on the general operational effectiveness. Threats. High dynamic changes in ICT leaves the company at a high threat due to possibility of outdated technology that my drive away clients (E-business/ E-commerce clients) to other up to date websites. It is also most likely that that the confidential information may be attacked by malerwa/ virus Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Executive summary The purpose of this study is to clearly and critically investigate the impact of Enterprise resource management (ERP) tool on the performance of an organization. The study signifies the importance of using ERP tool, disadvantages involved/ weaknesses and suggest the possible remedies for the study. This is because ERP tool has become one of the most important relevant tools in the effective management of an organization. The software provides an automated monitoring advantage where all the organizational departments and operations can diversely be managed in a simple platform. The study will therefore provide recommendation basing on the problems established by research finding by different authors. With different findings from various literature reports, reliable and dependable recommendations will be made/ established. Introduction For the last decade, there has been a significant change in the technological hemisphere which has led to a rapid and dynamic changes in the business world. Organizations have adopted/ are adopting the latest management tools to help in the simplification of tasks and reduction of the operation costs, which among others include the Enterprise Resource Management tools. Enterprise resource planning is one of the most current and diversified technologies that are being employed by businesses to help in effective management and monitoring of various departments in the company. An approximation of 90% of large organizations/ companies employ ERP technology in their operations, medium companies are also adopting such technology as it has proved to be one of the best management tools. ERP system has basically provided three main factions among other subsidiary functions, which are; timely management of company information, mechanizing of the commercial process, and development and improvem ent in the supply chain by use of electronic communication and electronic business. Other relevance may include cost reduction, easy monitoring of large markets, and information clearance among others (Esteves, Pastor,2001, p.7). However, for an effective implementation of ERP, there is need for a significant resource level accompanied by a dedicated and committed expertise in an organization. In other words, it is one of the biggest and costly projects that companies ever launch as some organizations fail to successfully accomplish such tasks (Caglio, 2003, p.140). Literature review Reflecting on the level of importance of the tool, various researchers have been invoked into its study, analysis and evaluation to establish its effectiveness. However, most of the research findings indicate that the tool has a positive impact on the performance of an organization if effectively used though it has some weaknesses that come along with it. Research studies by O'Leary (2000) indicate that ERP tool has a great impact on the performance of the accounting department in an organization. According to him, ERP has a diversified function that considerably reduces the complex and integrated tasks into a simple and manageable work load. He compared the performance of the organizations using ERP to those that are not using the tool and according to the findings, organizations employing ERP are more cost effective and efficient management as compared to those that are not using the tool. The researcher in this case demonstrated that ERP improving the performance effectiveness of most organizations mostly the large organization that have bulky and complex tasks. In relation to human efficiency, accountants are error prone in their work and with such limitations, companies/ organizations experience losses and structural breakdown to mismanagement and misallocation of resources. In other words, comparing the performance of ERP to the usual manpower needed for the operations of enterprises, employing the software the use of the utility tool is much better and efficient in terms of cost and effectiveness Bradford Florin (2003) conducted a research on 15 companies located in Finland to evaluate the degree of uniformity of the information management system on accounting department. Their report indicated that there is a small improvement in the management accounting and also improved the control techniques. According to them, Enterprise resource planning tool works best when it is accompanied by strategic enterprise management (SEM) implying that for ERP to perfectly perform the diversified functions, it needs to be used simultaneously with SEM According to Hunton, Lippincott Reck, (2003), ERP simply brings a change in the nature of the management methodology in regard to the operational tasks held by the expertise. He discovered that the tool brings about a change a change in the management tasks of the accountants in that the most of the raw information is internally processed and internalized and what comes out is a well-organized information that can be used for further forecast and other important uses. In this case, they say tool reduces the work load that needed more accounts to a few personnel to handle the bulk task. Besides a reduction in the manpower required for handling a specific task, the tool also proves more efficient in its usage as compared to human resource Zhang, Lee, Banerjee (2003, January), in there research, they found that there is still a high level of rigidity among accountant and organizations in adopting the new technological advancement (ERP). This is because the basic changes from the ordinary tools and human resource requires highly skilled expertise management methods. Moreover, even the basic differences in the functions played are not very different. Companies that are rigid to technological dynamism are still using the ordinary management techniques. From their report, thy found that such companies have generally not adopted most technological changes (Dechow, Mouritsen, 2005, p.6610). In general, research findings indicate that Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) brings about a change in the cultural, structural, technological, and functional operational methodology in enterprises. For an organization to achieve a positive and effective results from the use of ERP, there should be a considerable change in the structural and functional management and operation of the company (Bajwa, Garcia, Mooney, 2004, p.88). The accounting team/ department should be well conversant with the new tool that is being adopted, otherwise, the whole project may not work out leading a failure. This is because the system basically relies on data and if the team handling it is not well established in the field then, it will imply inappropriate use hence errors. Basing on the research findings, there absence been less achievement of the ERP goals on situations where the management accountants were excluded or involved in a later stage of the implementation of the project (Calisir, Calisir , 2004, p.510). The management accountants avail the necessary information/ data need in the processing. On situations of poor coordination of the different organizational departments to produce clear data to be entered into the system may also lead to a failure in the tool. In other words, the tool requires a diversified a well-coordinated departmental structure to feed the data from the different departments. As mentioned before, ERP works integrated format with other applications/ software. Managing operations from different departments and this explains the need for the effective departmental coordination (Somers, Nelson, 2001, p.10) Strengths Enterprise resource management (ERP) tool has played a very vital role in the development and management of enterprises with reduced operational costs. The tool has positively changed the operations of most organizations. This is because ERP tool has become one of the most important relevant tools in the effective management of an organization. The software provides an automated monitoring advantage where all the organizational departments and operations can diversely be managed in a simple platform. Amongst the various roles, the few can be indicated in; Reduction in the total time spent in data collection. Research findings show that management accounts highly recommend the use of ERP in data collection. Moreover, the tool even accept diversified data during the collection. This makes the whole process short during the information capturing (Al-Mashari, Al-Mudimigh, Zairi, 2003, p.360). Another advantage of the tool is that it simplifies data processing. A minimal time is used for data processing, analysis and interpretation as compared to the non-use of ERP. The tool has a designed automated processing features that enables it to generally process, and analyses provided data in a short period of time with a help of a human resource/ expertise who are competent in its usage (Soh, Kien, Tay-Yap, 2000, p.60). The ERP tool plays a great role in making of commercial decisions taken by the organization. As logically arranged from the first advantage, the software helps in collecting of the data, process and interpreting with the help of expert team. The interpreted information gained from the ERP directly influences the business decision taken by the organization. This is mostly played by the management accounts. They help interpreting the information gained from the ERP tool in the commercial decision of the organization (Gupta, 2000, p.116). Focusing of internal reporting. The use of ERP improves the general monitoring of company performances, controlling and evaluation. With the help of the tool, the expert team can closely manage all the company activities effectively. With the latest mode of technology being used to design the tools, several other applications/ softwares can be merged to work in an integrated format to allow the system track the ongoing operations in relations to the set objectives and schedule. It has been made simple by the implementation of the ERP in that the cost and expenditure of a proposed project can be forecasted. This provides an easy way to management accounting (Wright, Wright, 2002, p.110). Weaknesses The development and adaptation of new enterprise management tools especially ERP requires high experienced staff to handle the tasks that are associated. This explains the cause of failures by various organizations (Mabert, Soni, Venkataramanan, 2000, p.50). The expert team are sometimes not fully well conversant with the usage of the tool which results into improper usage. The data analysis also requires a technical skill for the interpretation of the information. For any organization to successfully achieve its goal, the management accounts department should have among others; technical skills kills in relation to their roles in the team, an understanding of commercialization, good communication skills and a high level of honesty and trusteeship. Having experts less these quality is likely to fail the project (Hitt, Wu, 2002, p.82) As discussed in the introduction, its implementation is one of the biggest projects companies ever undertake implying that the process is so costly in term of its execution ERP also mainly focuses on cross-functional analysis, interpretation and evaluation. In other words, for the management tool to be implemented, cross-functional data should be availed which makes the process complicated and unique in term of usage. This was irrelevant without the use of the ERP (Bradley, 2008, 180) Conclusion As clearly stated earlier, most research studies say that ERP has greatly contributed to the improvement of the performance process, monitoring, and quality evaluation of companies. It has a direct link to the improvement of the organization. The studies also clearly indicates that the use of the too help the organization to reduce on the operational costs as the tool tends to simplify the complex tasks that would require a big number of expertise into a small and manageable task load that can easily be handled by a smaller team, moreover, the level of efficiency attained while perfectly using the system is high. However, it was also found out that ERP can be very costly in its implementation. Is requires demands for particular qualities that should constitute the staff implementing it as clearly explained in the weaknesses. A large and reliable financial source is also required to manage the integrated and complex operations that occurs. It is therefore very important for firms and organizations to thoroughly evaluate their capabilities in relation to requirements of the system before beginning any implementation project concerning ERP. Poor departmental coordination as mentioned as one of the causes of failures of ERP projects, firms should ensure the recruitment of well-versed staff for the different departments to ensure effective coordination and flow of information from different departments for easy data collection, compilation and process. References Al-Mashari, M., Al-Mudimigh, A., Zairi, M. (2003). Enterprise resource planning: A taxonomy of critical factors.European journal of operational research,146(2), 352-364. Bajwa, D. S., Garcia, J. E., Mooney, T. (2004). An integrative framework for the assimilation of enterprise resource planning systems: phases, antecedents, and outcomes.Journal of Computer Information Systems,44(3), 81-90. Bradford, M., Florin, J. (2003). Examining the role of innovation diffusion factors on the implementation success of enterprise resource planning systems.International journal of accounting information systems,4(3), 205-225. Bradley, J. (2008). Management based critical success factors in the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning systems.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,9(3), 175-200. Caglio, A. (2003). Enterprise Resource Planning systems and accountants: towards hybridization?.European Accounting Review,12(1), 123-153. Calisir, F., Calisir, F. (2004). The relation of interface usability characteristics, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use to end-user satisfaction with enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems.Computers in human behavior,20(4), 505-515. Dechow, N., Mouritsen, J. (2005). Enterprise resource planning systems, management control and the quest for integration.Accounting, organizations and society,30(7), 691-733. Esteves, J., Pastor, J. (2001). Enterprise resource planning systems research: an annotated bibliography.Communications of the association for information systems,7(1), 8. Gupta, A. (2000). Enterprise resource planning: the emerging organizational value systems.Industrial Management Data Systems,100(3), 114-118. Hitt, L. M., DJ Wu, X. Z. (2002). Investment in enterprise resource planning: Business impact and productivity measures.Journal of management information systems,19(1), 71-98. Hunton, J. E., Lippincott, B., Reck, J. L. (2003). Enterprise resource planning systems: comparing firm performance of adopters and nonadopters.International Journal of Accounting information systems,4(3), 165-184. Kumar, V., Maheshwari, B., Kumar, U. (2002). Enterprise resource planning systems adoption process: a survey of Canadian organizations.International Journal of Production Research,40(3), 509-523. Mabert, V. A., Soni, A., Venkataramanan, M. A. (2000). Enterprise resource planning survey of US manufacturing firms.Production and Inventory Management Journal,41(2), 52. Nicolaou, A. I. (2004). Firm performance effects in relation to the implementation and use of enterprise resource planning systems.Journal of information systems,18(2), 79-105. O'Leary, D. E. (2000).Enterprise resource planning systems: systems, life cycle, electronic commerce, and risk. Cambridge university press. Soh, C., Kien, S. S., Tay-Yap, J. (2000). Enterprise resource planning: cultural fits and misfits: is ERP a universal solution?.Communications of the ACM,43(4), 47-51. Somers, T. M., Nelson, K. (2001, January). The impact of critical success factors across the stages of enterprise resource planning implementations. InSystem Sciences, 2001. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 10-pp). IEEE. Umble, E. J., Haft, R. R., Umble, M. M. (2003). Enterprise resource planning: Implementation procedures and critical success factors.European journal of operational research,146(2), 241-257. Wright, S., Wright, A. M. (2002). Information system assurance for enterprise resource planning systems: unique risk considerations.Journal of information systems,16(s-1), 99-113. Zhang, L., Lee, M. K., Zhang, Z., Banerjee, P. (2003, January). Critical success factors of enterprise resource planning systems implementation success in China. InSystem Sciences, 2003. Proceedings of the 36th Annual Hawaii International Conference on(pp. 10-pp). IEEE.

Executing Changes Workplace

Question: Write an essay on Executing changes in the workplace. Answer: Managing change Executing changes in the workplace has both merits as well as demerits to the business enterprise. As such, implementing changes in the operational as well as financial policies needs to be dealt sensitively. According to Weiss (2014), there is resistance both internally as well as externally. Dreams event planning team being an event management company, it is expected that employees shall have to train adequately to adapt to newer business processes and a working environment. As an enterprise operating in the service sector it is expected that employees shall have to offer superior customer services to the clients .In this regard, it can be said that adopting effective training schemes would assist an enterprise to successfully deal with business alterations. Dreams event planning team can adopt extensive training schemes for the employees to develop their customer service. As such, each employee would have the skills to offer consumer service as per the global standards. Well defined job roles would prevent arising of any confusion or doubts regarding the services the employees are expected to deliver. Furthermore, the employees shall be motivated enough to accept changes in the workplace. Clear communication from the management of the organization to its employees would help to convey the necessary details about the change management procedures (DesJardins McCall, 2014). It is very necessary that employees are fully convinced about the requirements of structural as well strategical changes before taking any decisive action. The Dreams event planning team would have clear job roles for each individual in the workforce. There shall be several teams handling specified events for the clients. There shall be distinct job roles for employees in executing marketing, operational as well as financial strategies. Leadership approach In the context of Dreams event planning team, the primary goal of the leadership is to set the mission and vision of the organization. In other words, it determines the direction the organization is expected to follow. Therefore, the leadership procedure is to establish a path that the entity can follow in order to achieve the long term goal and objectives of the organization In addition, an event management company has to intensively analyze the market environment and then act accordingly. Tsalikis Fritzsche (2013) mentioned that the leadership approach should be making strategic decisions, thereby, building a sustainable business model. Besides this, the leadership group would be framing flexible employee management policies to understand employee needs and wants. Thus, employee issues needs to be handled effectively to facilitate building of organization culture. The leadership group shall emphasize on developing job satisfaction of employees. Employees can also be encouraged to developed skills and aptitude in various fields. It is expected that this would enable the organization to enhance its productivity rate. In the case of dreams event planning team, the leadership approach shall assist the management of the organization to identify the needs of the employees, and then take suitable measures. Emphasis can be provided on communication skills and dealing with crisis situations. It is expected that these measures would facilitate individual as well as organizational growth. Shaw (2016) stated that autocratic leadership shall not be successful for business enterprises operating in the service sector. Thus, the leadership group would have to find out the discrepancies in the operational policies of the business organization and then act accordingly. This would enable the business entity to explore newer business territories and pursue expansion strategies. References DesJardins, J. R., McCall, J. J. (2014). Contemporary issues in business ethics. Cengage Learning. Shaw, W. (2016). Business ethics: A textbook with cases. Cengage Learning. Tsalikis, J., Fritzsche, D. J. (2013). Business Ethics: A literature review with a focus on marketing ethics. In Citation Classics from the Journal of Business Ethics (pp. 337-404). Springer Netherlands. Weiss, J. W. (2014). Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.